What is the effect of a "hit by pitch" ruling in NCAA softball?

A "hit by pitch" ruling in NCAA softball means that the batter is awarded first base. This occurs when a pitched ball strikes the batter while they are in the batter's box, and the batter has not made an effort to swing at the pitch or has not deliberately moved out of the way. The purpose of this rule is to protect batters from being injured by pitches and to ensure fair play. When awarded first base after being hit, the batter does not incur any penalty; instead, they are allowed to safely advance, effectively allowing the batter to participate in the game despite the presence of a pitch that could have caused injury.

The other potential options suggest consequences that do not occur. For instance, the batter cannot be called out for being hit by a pitch unless they attempt to hit it or interfere with the play in some way. There is no specific penalty imposed on the pitcher for hitting the batter—it is simply a part of the game mechanics that can happen, and the game continues. Lastly, the game does not resume without consequences, as the batter's advancement to first base is a direct outcome of the ruling. Thus, the ruling facilitates the movement of the players and maintains the flow of the game.